A bruise is a contusion (a tissue injury that doesnot break the skin) that is formed as a result of ruptured blood vessels located near the skins surface. Usually, no special care is needed, but you can help to reduce the swelling by applying a cold compress to the affected area for 20 minutes several times a day for the first 48 hours. If you use an icepack, make sure to first wrap it with a towel. If the bruise involves a larger area or is situated on your leg or foot, keep it elevated as much as possible on the first day to improve circulation and reduce swelling. If necessary, take ibuprofen or acetaminophen for pain, but aspirin is not recommended due to its blood thinning effect. After the first 2 days, switch to warm compresses and apply for 15 minutes twice daily to encourage blood flow to the affected area and promote faster healing. If pain and swelling to the area intensifies after the first 24 to 48 hours, see a doctor to determine if your injury is more severe than originally thought.